fa اثربخشی تحریک با جریان الکتریکی مستقیم مغز (TDCS ) بر حساسیت اضطرابی نوجوانان دارای رفتارهای خودجرحی روانشناسی و روانپزشکی Psychology and Psychiatry مقاله پژوهشي Research Article <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سابقه و هدف: روند تحولی تغییرات مغز در دوره نوجوانی، نوجوانان را نسبت به واکنش‌گری هیجانی و تصمیم‌گیری‌های نادرست آسیب‌پذیر می‌کند. به‌علاوه، این دوره به عنوان مرحله اوج بروز اختلالات روانی-رفتاری نیز تلقی می‌شود. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی تحریک با جریان الکتریکی مستقیم مغز بر حساسیت اضطرابی نوجوانان دارای رفتارهای خودجرحی بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4472c4">مواد و روش ها:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این پژوهش یک مطالعه نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و پیگیری یک‌ماهه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی نوجوانان پسر بزهکار کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهر قزوین در شش‌ماهه دوم سال </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">1404</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بود که از بین آنها </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۴۰</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۲۰</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نفر) و کنترل (</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۲۰</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نفر) جایگزین شدند. اعضای هر دو گروه به‌صورت انفرادی به پرسشنامه حساسیت اضطرابی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(Taylor & Cox)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در مراحل پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری پاسخ دادند. گروه آزمایش مداخله تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم مغز را در </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۱۰</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> جلسه (هر جلسه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۲۰</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> دقیقه، با شدت </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۲</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> میلی‌آمپر) روی ناحیه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">F3</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قشر پیشانی دریافت کردند، در حالی که گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و نرم‌افزار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">SPSS</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">-</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۲۲</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4472c4">یافته‌ها</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">: &nbsp;نتایج نشان داد که بین دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در کاهش نمره کل حساسیت اضطرابی و خرده‌مقیاس‌های آن تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۰</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">٫</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۰۰۱</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">p</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">).</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4472c4">نتیجه&shy;گیری</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">:</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم مغز در کاهش حساسیت اضطرابی نوجوانان دارای رفتارهای خودجرحی مؤثر است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#4472c4">Background and bjectives</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">: The developmental trajectory of brain changes during adolescence makes teens more vulnerable to emotional reactivity and poor decision-making. Moreover, this period is considered a peak phase for the emergence of psychiatric-behavioral disorders. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on anxiety sensitivity in adolescents with self-harm behaviors.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#4472c4">Materials and Methods</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">: This study was a quasi-experimental pretest&ndash;posttest design with a control group and a one-month follow-up. The population consisted of all male juvenile offenders at the Penal Reform and Rehabilitation Center in Qazvin during the second half of </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2024</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> (the Iranian year </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۱۴۰۳</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> corresponds to </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2024</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">&ndash;</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2025</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">). From this population, </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">40</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> individuals were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (n = </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">20</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">) and control (n = </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">20</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">). Members of both groups completed the sensitivity questionnaire (Taylor and Cox) in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up phases. The experimental group received transcranial direct current stimulation over the prefrontal cortex region F</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">3</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> for </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">10</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> sessions (each session lasting </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">20</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> minutes at a current strength of </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> mA), while the control group received no intervention. Data&nbsp; were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA in SPSS version </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">22</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#4472c4">Results</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">: The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the reduction of the total anxiety sensitivity score and its subscales (p < </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">0.001</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#4472c4">Conclusion</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">: It can be concluded that transcranial direct current stimulation is effective in reducing anxiety sensitivity in adolescents with self-harm behaviors.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; جریان الکتریکی مستقیم مغز, حساسیت اضطرابی, نوجوانان, خودجرحی Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Anxiety Sensitivity, Self-Harm 0 0 http://psj.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1591-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Dariush azimi داریوش عظیمی azimi.dariush70@gmail.com 100319475328460017774 100319475328460017774 No Mohaghegh Ardabili دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی Aynaz Shahrivar sosahab آیناز شهریور سوسهاب aynaz.shahrivar@uma.ac.ir 100319475328460017775 100319475328460017775 No Mohaghegh Ardabili دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی Shahriar dargangi شهریار درگاهی shahriardargahi@cfu.ac.ir 100319475328460017776 100319475328460017776 Yes Farhangian University دانشگاه فرهنگیان Samane Bagheri سمانه باقری rahashahrivarii@gmail.com 100319475328460017777 100319475328460017777 No Khalkhal Azad University دانشگاه آزاد واحد خلخال