Introduction: High-risk behaviors are the most important factors endangering the public health. Due to the risks and negative consequences of unsafe sexual behaviors, purpose of this study was to assess related factors with the intention of safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior among male addicts covered by substance abuse treatment centers.

Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed on 163 cases of male addicts covered by substance abuse treatment centers in Hamadan city in 2013. Individuals were selected, using simple sampling, from three centers and a questionnaire including the theory of planned behavior constructs and sampling-demographic information, through self-administered, was completed. SPSS-16 and a backward logistic regression analysis method were employed for data analysis.

Results: This study showed that 55.2% of participants had a history of illegal sexual intercourse and only 46.66 percent of them had used a condom during their last sexual intercourse. Results of logistic regression analysis on variables of constructs the theory of planned behavior showed subjective norms was the strongest predictor of behavioral intention of safe sexual behavior among participants (P<0/03).

Conclusion: It seems that due to effectiveness of this model in predicting safe sexual behaviors, the implementation of educational courses for addicts covered by substance abuse treatment centers, based on the theory of planned behaviors, can be beneficial.