fa مقایسه اثر بخشی درمان شناختی- رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر میزان خشم دانش آموزان پسر مقطع متوسطه شهر تهران روانشناسی و روانپزشکی Psychology and Psychiatry مقاله پژوهشي Research Article <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سابقه و هدف:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> خشم، هیجانی طبیعی و دارای ارزش انطباقی است اما زمانی که از کنترل خارج شود، می&shy;تواند به مشکلاتی در کار، روابط و کیفیت کلی زندگی منجر شود. هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">حاضر،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مقایسه اثر بخشی دو روش درمان شناختی-رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر کنترل خشم دانش آموزان پسر بود.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مواد و روش&shy; ها:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> در این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شبه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آزمایشی که به صورت پیش آزمون- پس آزمون</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کنترل انجام گرفت، با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نمونه&shy; گیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">خوشه</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">چند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مرحله</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ای، 45</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نفر از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آموزان پسر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سال آخر دوره دوم متوسطه منطقه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">2</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آموزش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پرورش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">استان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تهران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">که سال</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحصیلی 1396-1395 مشغول به تحصیل بودند،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">انتخاب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و به طور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تصادفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به سه گروه 15 نفره (دو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آزمایش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و یک گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کنترل) تقسیم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شدند. گروه اول</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحت 9 جلسه 60 دقیقه&shy; ای درمان شناختی-رفتاری و گروه دوم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحت 9 جلسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">120 دقیقه &shy;ای درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد قرار گرفتند. داده &shy;ها از طریق پرسشنامه خشم اسپیلبرگر جمع &shy;آوری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گردید. برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحلیل داده</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحلیل کوواریانس توسط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نرم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">افزار 22-</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">SPSS</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گردید.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافته&shy; ها:</span></span></strong>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">درمان شناختی-رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گروه &shy;های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آزمایش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">باعث</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کاهش خشم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(0/01</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">P<</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، اما</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کنترل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">چنین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تغییری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مشاهده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نشد. همچنین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">درمان شناختی-رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در کاهش خشم، اختلاف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">معناداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مشاهده نشد (0/05</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">P></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">).</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجه&shy; گیری:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اساس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافته&shy; ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">می</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">توان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجه</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">درمان شناختی-رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد، خشم دانش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آموزان را کاهش می&shy; دهند. لذا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تدوین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مداخلات درمانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">می</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تواند سبب کاهش خشم دانش آموزان و مشکلات تحصیلی آن&shy; ها شود.</span></span><br> &nbsp; <strong>Background and Objectives:</strong> Anger, natural excitement and adaptive value, but when it comes out of control, can lead to problems at work, interpersonal relationships, and overall quality of life. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on anger control in male students.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> In this quasi-experimental study, which was conducted as a pre-test-post-test with control group, using a multistage cluster sampling method, 45 male secondary school students of district 2 of education Tehran, who were studying in the academic year 2016-2017, were randomly divided into three groups of 15 (two experimental and one control group). The first group was subjected to 9 sessions of 60 minutes of cognitive-behavioral therapy and the second group received 9 sessions of 120 minutes of treatment based on acceptance and commitment. Data were collected by Spielberger&#39;s Anger Questionnaire. For analysis of data, covariance analysis was performed using the SPSS22.0<a name="_GoBack"></a>.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy in the experimental groups reduced anger (P<0.01), but no changes were observed in the control group. Also, there was no significant difference between cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce anger (P>0.05).<br> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Based on the findings, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy reduced the students&#39; anger. Therefore, the formulation of these therapeutic interventions can reduce students&#39; anger and their educational problems.<br> &nbsp; خشم, درمان شناختی-رفتاری, درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد, دانش آموزان Anger, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Students. 59 66 http://psj.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-27-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ali Asghar Hossein Mardi علی اصغر حسین مردی zomorod780@yahoo.com 10031947532846008281 10031947532846008281 Yes PhD Student of General Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Mazandaran, Iran. دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی عمومی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن، مازندران، ایران. Javad Khalatbari جواد خلعتبری 10031947532846008282 10031947532846008282 No PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor of Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Department of Psychology, Mazandaran, Iran. دکترای تخصصی روانشناسی، دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن، گروه روانشناسی، مازندران، ایران.