Pajouhan Scientific Journal, Autumn, In Press
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Research code: 140206285146
Ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1402.339
Abstract: (29 Views)
Arsenic exposure through drinking water is one of the most significant public health challenges in many countries worldwide. Although the effects of chronic exposure to low concentrations of arsenic typically manifest over the long term, children and adolescents are more vulnerable to its harmful consequences than other population groups due to their heightened sensitivity during critical periods of growth and development. Scientific evidence indicates that exposure to arsenic during the fetal, childhood, and adolescent stages can be associated with impaired growth and development, decreased IQ, reduced cognitive function, memory and learning deficits, elevated blood pressure, and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers in later life. Given the importance of protecting this vulnerable group, it is essential to develop policy strategies for risk management and for reducing arsenic exposure in drinking water among children and adolescents. The findings suggest that implementing water safety plans, continuous monitoring and legal supervision of drinking water quality, identification and management of contaminated sources, stakeholder education and active engagement, and improvement of nutritional status in children and adolescents are among the most effective strategies for reducing arsenic exposure. At the same time, evidence emphasizes that nutritional interventions play only a supportive role and are not a substitute for the removal or reduction of arsenic from drinking water sources. In conclusion, protecting children and adolescents from arsenic exposure requires the implementation of comprehensive, preventive, and risk-management-based policies. The coordinated implementation of these strategies will constitute an effective step toward reducing the burden of arsenic-related diseases and improving the health of vulnerable groups, particularly children and adolescents.
Keywords: Arsenic, Children and adolescents, Health policy, Risk management, Water safety plan, Drinking water
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