Volume 16, Issue 3 (Pajouhan Scientific Journal, Spring 2018)
Pajouhan Sci J 2018, 16(3): 20-28 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Hatami T, Nadali A, Roshanaei G, Shokoohi R. Feasibility of Reuse of Effluent from the Extended Aeration Process of Wastewater Treatment Plant in the Bojnoord City for Agricultural and Irrigation Uses . Pajouhan Sci J 2018; 16 (3) :20-28
URL: http://psj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-319-en.html
URL: http://psj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-319-en.html
1- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran.
2- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran. , reza.shokohi@umsha.ac.ir
2- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran. , reza.shokohi@umsha.ac.ir
Abstract: (6594 Views)
Background and Objective: Due to increasing the water demand and the lack of its resources, the reuse of effluents is considered as a useful option in the water resources management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of the reuse of effluents from the extended aeration process in the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord city for agricultural uses.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study which performed in 2013 on the quality of effluents in the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord city by measuring the parameters of Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrogen, phosphorus, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), sodium percentage, magnesium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, sodium ions and chloride.
Results: The results shown that, the removal efficacy of BOD and COD were 88% and 89%, respectively, and it was higher than 85 percent for TSS and VSS factors; thus, the average residual concentration of BOD, COD, TSS and phosphate in the outflow were 27, 61, 26 and 11.34 mg, respectively. The average values of pH and EC in treated effluent were obtained 7.45 and 1940 μs/cm, respectively. Moreover, the values of chloride and SAR for the effluent of the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord were achieved 3.89 meq/L and 221 mg/L, respectively.
Conclusion: based on the results, it can be concluded that the effluents of the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord city can be valuable for use in agriculture; but, due to the high concentration of chloride in treated effluent, it is recommended that this effluent used for semi-sensitive plants. Furthermore, this effluent is not suitable for feeding to groundwater and for discharging into the surface water and it is needed to advanced treatment based on the standards.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study which performed in 2013 on the quality of effluents in the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord city by measuring the parameters of Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrogen, phosphorus, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), sodium percentage, magnesium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, sodium ions and chloride.
Results: The results shown that, the removal efficacy of BOD and COD were 88% and 89%, respectively, and it was higher than 85 percent for TSS and VSS factors; thus, the average residual concentration of BOD, COD, TSS and phosphate in the outflow were 27, 61, 26 and 11.34 mg, respectively. The average values of pH and EC in treated effluent were obtained 7.45 and 1940 μs/cm, respectively. Moreover, the values of chloride and SAR for the effluent of the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord were achieved 3.89 meq/L and 221 mg/L, respectively.
Conclusion: based on the results, it can be concluded that the effluents of the wastewater treatment plant of the Bojnoord city can be valuable for use in agriculture; but, due to the high concentration of chloride in treated effluent, it is recommended that this effluent used for semi-sensitive plants. Furthermore, this effluent is not suitable for feeding to groundwater and for discharging into the surface water and it is needed to advanced treatment based on the standards.
Type of Study: Research Article |
Subject:
Health Sciences
Received: 2017/02/11 | Accepted: 2018/04/3 | Published: 2018/05/13
Received: 2017/02/11 | Accepted: 2018/04/3 | Published: 2018/05/13
References
1. Hammer MJ. Water and wastewater technology. 1986. [DOI]
2. Moghadam FM, Mahdavi M, Ebrahimi A, Tashauoei HR, Mahvi AH. Feasibility study of wastewater reuse for irrigation in Isfahan, Iran. Middle East J Sci Res. 2015;23:2366-73. [DOI]
3. Bagheri Ardebilian P, Sadeghi H, Nabaii A, Bagheri Ardebilian M. Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency: a Case Study in Zanjan. Journal of Health. 2010;1(3):67-75. [DOI]
4. Nasseri S, Sadeghi T, Vaezi F, Naddafi K. Evaluation Of The Possible Options For Reuse Of Ardebil Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent. 2008. [DOI]
5. Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D, Smith M. FAO Irrigation and drainage paper No. 56. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1998;56:97-156. [DOI]
6. Huertas E, Salgot M, Hollender J, Weber S, Dott W, Khan S, et al. Key objectives for water reuse concepts. Desalination. 2008;218(1-3):120-31. [DOI]
7. Cirelli G, Consoli S, Licciardello F, Aiello R, Giuffrida F, Leonardi C. Treated municipal wastewater reuse in vegetable production. Agricultural Water Management. 2012;104:163-70. [DOI]
8. Nasseri S, Sadeghi T, Vaezi F, Naddafi K. Quality of Ardabil wastewater treatment plant effluent for reuse in agriculture. 2012. [DOI]
9. http://www.thesustainabilitycouncil.org/resources/the-koppen-climate-classification-system/ [DOI]
10. Federation WE, Association A. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association (APHA): Washington, DC, USA. 2005. [DOI]
11. Pedrero F, Kalavrouziotis I, Alarcón JJ, Koukoulakis P, Asano T. Use of treated municipal wastewater in irrigated agriculture—Review of some practices in Spain and Greece. Agricultural Water Management. 2010;97(9):1233-41. [DOI]
12. Agrafioti E, Diamadopoulos E. A strategic plan for reuse of treated municipal wastewater for crop irrigation on the Island of Crete. Agricultural Water Management. 2012;105:57-64. [DOI]
13. Mariolakos I. Water resources management in the framework of sustainable development. Desalination. 2007;213(1-3):147-51. [DOI]
14. Safa F, Malakutian M, kord mostafa pour f. Feasibility of using Kerman wastewater treatment plant in agriculture. Water Research in Agriculture. 2014;28(1)-45-53. [DOI]
15. Vega E, Lesikar B, Pillai SD. Transport and survival of bacterial and viral tracers through submerged-flow constructed wetland and sand-filter system. Bioresource technology. 2003;89(1):49-56. [DOI]
16. Chen Z, Ngo HH, Guo W, Lim R, Wang XC, O'Halloran K, et al. A comprehensive framework for the assessment of new end uses in recycled water schemes. Science of the Total Environment. 2014;470:44-52. [DOI]
17. Prazeres AR, Rivas J, Almeida MA, Patanita M, Dôres J, Carvalho F. Agricultural reuse of cheese whey wastewater treated by NaOH precipitation for tomato production under several saline conditions and sludge management. Agricultural Water Management. 2016;167:62-74. [DOI]
18. Torabian A, Motalebi M. Management plan for reuse of refined effluent (case study: Ekbatan Town). Ecology. 2003;29(32):1-9. [DOI]
19. Kalavrouziotis IK, Apostolopoulos CA. An integrated environmental plan for the reuse of treated wastewater effluents from WWTP in urban areas. Building and Environment. 2007;42(4):1862-8. [DOI]
20. Mehravaran B, Ansary H, Beheshti A, Esmaili K. Investigate the Feasibility of Using Wastewater Purication in Irrigation Due to Its Environmental Impacts (The effluent treatment plants parkandabad Mashhad). iranian journal of irrigation and drainage. 2015;3:440-7. [DOI]
21. Rutkowski T, Raschid-Sally L, Buechler S. Wastewater irrigation in the developing world—two case studies from the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. Agricultural Water Management. 2007;88(1):83-91. [DOI]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Articles Copyright © The Author(s).
Owned by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.
Published by UMSHA Press
Journal Tel: +98 81 38380090
Publisher Tel: +98 81 38382022
Website: https://psj.umsha.ac.ir/
Email: psj@umsha.ac.ir
